r730 memory configuration. 10 出现这样的问题是因为内存原因、还是CPU原因?还是Bios版本太低?Causes: The Advanced ECC option was enabled in BIOS, but is no longer valid due to an unsupported memory configuration, possibly a faulty or removed memory module. r730 memory configuration

 
10 出现这样的问题是因为内存原因、还是CPU原因?还是Bios版本太低?Causes: The Advanced ECC option was enabled in BIOS, but is no longer valid due to an unsupported memory configuration, possibly a faulty or removed memory moduler730 memory configuration  2

Re-apply input power and turn system on. Almost all current Dell. Model Guide: The Dell PowerEdge R730xd systems are 2U rack servers that support up to two Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3 or Xeon E5-2600 v4 processors, up to 24 DIMMs, and 28 hard drives or solid state drives (SSDs). 16GB RDIMM, 4800MT/s Single Rank Qty-+ $599. Updated the FRU/CRU information. 5” drives, which can mix and match SAS or SATA HDDs or SSDs. 1. Chassis with up to 8, 3. 370-ACNV: Table 3. 5″ hard drive bays and 2. Reboot the server and. Dell servers · Dell PowerEdge R730 manual. vSphere Essentials Plus edition is supported only on two-socket servers. In its compact design, the R630 can hold up to 1. Memory Mirroring $0. 32GB RDIMM, 3200MT/s, Dual Rank, 16Gb BASE x8. Dell PowerEdge T430 system configurations. PowerEdge R730服务器系统进不去,提示“one or more boot drivers require configuration changes. Causes: The Advanced ECC option was enabled in BIOS, but is no longer valid due to an unsupported memory configuration, possibly a faulty or removed memory module. Configuration Trap Group; iDRAC Memory Unresponsive Trap; Solid State Drive Trap; Hide Table of Contents Show Table of Contents Show Table of Contents Print Introduction. My suggestion, remove the risers, remove any storage controllers in the system, and disconnect the backplane from the system board. The minimum RAM requirement for 4-bit LLaMA-30B is 32 GB, which can hold the entire model in memory without swapping to disk. iDRACs can be reset by using the System Identification Button, the iDRAC Web Interface, the iDRAC Service Module, or RACADM. 16GB ones are Samsung M393A2G40DB0-CPB3Q, while 32GB ones are from Hynrix HMA84GL7MMR4N-TF. 5-inch SATA drives. System Note: Your system may support multiple memory configurations based on the density, quantity and type of. PowerEdge R730CNET Content Solutions Content Delivery NetworkThe R730 is equipped with up to 16 bays with supported configurations of 16 x 2. EIPT is a model driven tool supporting a large. H830: External hardware RAID controller. Appreciate any advice offered. If you don't mind using the command line, WMI can do this and is native with Windows XP and newer. The server supports Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3 processors and 24 DIMM slots to cost-effectively scale up to 1. Dell Server Configuration Table 3 shows the Dell R730 Server Configuration. The PowerEdge R530 system is available in the following configurations: Redundant power supply configuration. 4. Expanded operating temperature. 4 Identical Memory Configurations for Each CPU Every CPU socket within a server must have identical memory configurations. 原因: 缓存数据丢失,无法检索。. 5-inch disks or SSDs, this has to be specified. 00 GB A10 16. Figure. In addition, Multi-bit or uncorrectable memory errors may also be logged against one or more DIMMs that may result in those DIMMS being mapped out by BIOS. Unleash the full potential of your Dell PowerEdge R730 by upgrading the memory! Installing the maximum amount of Dell R730 memory will give your data center the power it needs to handle multiple applications at one time. Drivers & Downloads. Performance Optimized Selected. The Dell PowerEdge R730 systems are rack servers that support up to two Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3 or Xeon E5-2600 v4 processors, up to 24 DIMMs, and 16 hard drives or solid state drives (SSDs). Fault Resilient Memory-Vmware $0. The Advanced ECC setting has been disabled. 3. 2) Reduce system configuration to minimum memory and remove all PCI devices. System battery specifications. ASSY Controller Card, RAID Controller, PERC H830 Adapter, 12Gb/s SAS,. 00 GB A5 16. Figure 7: Expand Virtual Disk 7. Memory Capacity. Front panel. Click Manage Foreign Configuration. Fault Resilient Memory-Vmware $0. Figure 1: Find Disks app. CPU arg1 is stuck in POST. See the Memory section for details. Dell Support Resources. The server has two processors and the existing RAM configuration is as follows: Channel 0 A1 - 64GB B1 - 64GB Channel 1 A2 - 64GB B2 - 64GBMost graphics configurations do not experience high CPU oversubscription because vGPU resources are likely to be the resource constraint in the appliance. This reference guide provides information about Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) Management Information Base (MIB) which are released with the current. Memory frequency in servers are affected by a number of factors including; Speed of DIMM and CPU as well as memory configuration. 3200 MT/s DDR4 memory Max 16 DIMMs per CPU Supports DDR4 RDIMM, LRDIMM, 3DS DIMM and with ECC up to 3200MT/s Persistent memory Supports DDR4 Intel Persistent Memory 200 series up to 3200 MT/s, max 8x 512GB Intel Persistent Memory 200 series DIMMs per CPU. Hi, We are users of the Dell Poweredge R730 server. 6 in) x 64. Drives; Ports and connectors specifications. Help Me Choose. Press any key to continue, or press C to load the configuration utility. Advanced ECC Mode This mode uses two MCHs and “ties” them together to emulate a 128-bit data bus DIMM. configurations and ensure compliance to a predefined baseline with automated drift detection. Multi Rank Sparing Memory Mode $0. Expansion bus specifications. -Cancel Lifecycle Controller Actions set to Yes. Two of the most popular two-socket rack servers are the PowerEdge R630 and the R730. memory Certain models of E5-2600 series processors support 1600 MT/s memory. This is a test message. Press any key to continue, or press C to load the configuration utility. 5. Balanced, high-performance computing for the most demanding, highly parallel applications, delivered in the modular 1U C6320p server node, powered by the innovative Intel® Xeon® Phi™ processor and managed with iDRAC8 with Lifecycle Controller. Introduction. Hello, I have a R730 server with 2x Intel Xeon E5-2630 v4 2. Solution. 1 · 1. End-to-end partner experience. Will 2x additional 32 Gb memory modules per the link below in. ; Click OK on the success screen. A4 &A5 = 4GB. The technical and environmental specifications of your system are outlined in this section. Solution: Check other messages for a faulty memory module. Part# 046X6 full height. General Memory Module Installation Guidelines; Mode-Specific Guidelines. Plug in a USB storage device such as a Memory Stick. Dell PowerEdge R730 system overview The Dell PowerEdge R730 systems are rack servers that support up to two Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3 or Xeon E5-2600 v4 processors, up to 24 DIMMs, and 16 hard drives or solid state drives (SSDs). Perform the following procedures to install and use the PERCCLI in Linux operating systems: Download the Linux PERCCLI utility from Dell support site. Either: Touch or click the listing for your computer under THIS PC. 24 DIMM slots. 00. Memory or battery problems were detected. Each memory channel manages three DIMM slots. Pro Series X10/X9 external SSDs. The iDRAC8 automation lets your organization grow and provides security to ensure peace of mind. 8. Service Events. Chassis dimensions. HI, I try to have a secured answer to a demand. . If system completes POST, update system BIOS. 3 x 16GB DDR4. Introduction. 00 GB of RAM (4x DDR-4, 16GB, 2133 MHz modules). 5 Summary o Populate DIMMs in a balanced configuration to. 00 GB B2 32. Offering a wide range of configuration flexibility and environmental inputs, this can help right size your IT environment. Make & Model: Dell PowerEdge R730. Doesn't work on my Dell Latitude 5421 i7 11850hPowerEdge R730服务器系统进不去,提示“one or more boot drivers require configuration changes. Install the expansion card (s) into the expansion-card risers 2 or 3. PowerEdge R710. Removing A 2. I need to add an additional 64 Gb memory to the server. 1K Posts. 5-inch, 2. B1, B2, B3, B4. 1. ⭐ Free Shipping Across Europe. Memory Upgrade - R730. Kingston FURY Impact 32GB 3200MT/s DDR4 memory PartNumber: KF432S20IB/32. ) for PCIe. I have tested on R730, H730p mini mono and ESXI 7- everything works perfect. Front panel. In short, the answer to this question is: yes. Specification For PowerEdge R730, T630, R630, R530, T430, R430, C4130, M630, FC630, M830, FC830, and FC430 For PowerEdge R330, R230, T330, and T130. Manuals; Brands; Marine Equipment; Life Jacket; Dell Marine Equipment Life Jacket Dell R730, R730xd Sample memory configurations. This means the R720 will only support two Quad Rank or two unbuffered DIMMs per channel. 00 GB A4 32. Overview. 4800MT/s RDIMMs Selected. Next-generation PERC options Dell PowerEdge R730: Memory Configuration. Causes: The Advanced ECC option was enabled in BIOS, but is no longer valid due to an unsupported memory configuration, possibly a faulty or removed memory module. Diagnostic indicators on the front panel. This video is all about memory! We will answer questions such as: What type of memory. 2. Memory Upgrade - R730. 00. If you have the V4 processor,. 8. Reference on R730 hardware manual: Hello, I bought the R730 with 6 x 16GB DDR4 installed. Memory or battery problems were detected. Leverage a range of compact and quiet tower servers including one-socket configurations that are ideal for everyday business applications, and two-socket options for more advanced computing, virtualization, and power-hungry workloads. 5-inch hard drive and 18 x 1. ) This makes it suitable for buffering and caching applications. This wiring seems odd to me. ; Verify or Change the RAID Configuration. USB ports; NIC ports; Serial connector; VGA ports; IDSDM or vFlash card; Video specifications; Environmental specifications. DellI have a R730 with 2x E5 2670 v3 and 2x 16 GB - 2RX4 RDIMM 2133 MHz. You are given three options to identify your computer. 5TB Max (24 x 64GB LRDIMM) 768GB Max (24 x 32GB RDIMM) Installed Memory: Instantly check how much Memory you currently have installed. The PERC – or PowerEdge Raid Controller – is an H730, and the server is a Dell R730 – but the steps are virtually identical between all Dell PowerEdge servers. 00 GB of RAM (2 x DDR-4, 32. 8" SSDs with dual-PERC capability to deliver a superior solution that can boost performance by storing an entire. (Which has a maximum of 25 channels. Front panel. Front panel. rpm>, or to. Documentation. The Dell PowerEdge R530 is a rack server that supports up to: Two processors based on the Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3 or E5-2600 v4 product family. The 2-socket, 2U platform has the optimum. 2V • ECC • Single. Samsung R730 Service Manual (255 pages) Bremen L/UL. Suggested Response Action. PowerEdge R710 helps you operate efficiently and lower TCO with enhanced virtualization capabilities, improved energy efficiency, and innovative system management tools. The Dell Technologies Partner Program provides a comprehensive set of profitable program benefits. PowerEdge Sustainability Overview. Ensure that the memory is correctly installed and populated hence memory DIMMs on slots A1 &A2 must be the same. Back panel. Dell2933 MT/s DDR4 memory. 47 /ea. Deliver peak performance Build a blazingly fast transactional database with the R630 24 all-flash drive configuration. The Dell PowerEdge R730 is a general-purpose platform with highly expandable memory (up to 768GB) and impressive I/O capabilities to match. 24 x 1. Supported configurations for the PowerEdge R730xd system. Front panel. Memory Comments: Any configuration up to 768GB can be reached using any combination of 8GB, 16GB and 32GB ECC Registered modules or kits. Eight drive bays for hard drives or SSDs. 7. 如果需要,更换电池或RAID控制卡。. • Prevent unauthorized configuration or firmware change with system lockdown • Securely and quickly wipe all data from storage media, including hard drives, SSDs and system. $142. Shop SSDs. ProTip: It is possible to change the memory configurations after the initial deployment and from my limited use, I have been able to configure a Tiny configuration with just 10GB of memory without. Supported configurations for the PowerEdge R730 system. To install the percli RPM, run rpm -ivh <percli-x. Parts & Repairs. Documentation. Insert the SD card into the server. 5-inch hard drives on the front panel with optional support for 2 X 2. 98之前版本(不包含0. -Collect System Inventory on Restart set to Enabled. Diagnostic indicators on the front panel. Move the cable to NVRAM_CLR position and power on the system. April 2021. Solution: Check other messages for a faulty memory module. POWEREDGE R730 A highly versatile, two-socket 2U rack server with impressive processor performance, a large memory footprint, extensive I/O options and a choice of dense, high performance storage or low-cost, high-capacity storage. 00 GB A11 16. Boot devices such as storage controllers and network interface controllers require increasing amounts of memory to execute theirThe ultra-dense PowerEdge R630 two-socket 1U rack server delivers an impressive solution for virtualization environments, large business applications or transactional databases. Jul 8, 2022. Memory specifications. 5 Inch Hard-Drive. Single Rank Sparing Memory Mode $0. Front panel. You can try, but I don't believe that configuration would work. The memory of the Dell PowerEdge R730 is expandable up to 768GB in a dual processor configuration. System dimensions. 2V • ECC • Single. Locating service tag of your system. . If you have 2 CPU you need to follow the second table on the link provided (A1 to A6 and B1 to B6). Combine the density, scalability and performance of 24 x 1. A highly versatile, 2-socket 2U rack server with high processor performance, large memory footprint, extensive I/O options & choice of high performance storage or low-cost, high-capacity storage. 00 GB A12 16. Specify the Memory Operating Mode. I am not familiar with Supermicro JBOS but you would need an external RAID controller or an HBA. We are users of the Dell Poweredge R730 server. They're labelled A1, A2, B1 and B2 respectively. Each memory channel manages three DIMM slots. 128GB (8 x 16GB) DDR3-1600 MHz PC3-12800R ECC Registered Server Memory Upgrade Kit. 3) Ease off memory module timings, and/or maybe reduce frequency as well in BIOS. The Dell PowerEdge R730 systems are rack servers that support up to two Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3 or Xeon E5-2600 v4 processors, up to 24 DIMMs, and 16 hard drives or solid state drives (SSDs). The memory buffer minimizes the load on the server memory bus. Memory specifications Table 6. Memory DIMM Type and Speed. Where to buy. Reason #1: It Has a Fixed Drive Configuration . Intel C610 series chipset The R730 and R730xd servers use the Intel Platform Controller Hub (PCH) chip. Back panel. Well, if the issue comes from a driver/firmware bug, Microsoft can't do much to begin with - it's up to the OEM to fix it. 18 Mb Success!. Systems. 5” drives or to 8 x 3. What type of memory does the Samsung R730 Laptop take? The Samsung R730 Laptop takes the PC3-8500 DDR3-1066 204pin SDRAM SODIMM memory type, and comes installed with 1GB memory. 处理方法: 进行内存和电池测试。. Now I ended up at pretty much a dead end, trying to configure server to install Ubuntu for now. Back panel. Try to run the system with only one memory module at a time and test each module individually to determine if there are any errors. 1. Since, you are specifically using a cluster of high availability servers, IMHO you should use the Advanced ECC. Memory Configuration Type. Solution: You've got RDIMM, which is generally faster, and LRDIMM, which is better for memory-intense, high storage stuff at the cost of higher latency. The memory speeds that the R730 accepts varies depending on the processor that you. Supported configurations on PowerEdge R730 systems NOTE: Your system supports only internal, hot-swappable hard drives. Configuration Trap Group; iDRAC Memory Unresponsive Trap; Solid State Drive Trap; Hide Table of Contents Show Table of Contents Show Table of Contents Print Introduction. Mixing of DIMM types (UDIMM, RDIMM, and LRDIMM) is not supported. Will 2x additional 32 Gb memory modules per the link below in slots A3 and B3 work. Help Me Choose. See the Memory section for details. System has two Intel (R) Xeon (R) CPU E5-2687W v4 @ 3. Overview. To get the LifeCycle Controller out of Recovery Mode: -boot to F2 -> System Setup -> iDRAC Settings -> Lifecycle Controller to check status. 原因: 缓存数据丢失,无法检索。. 1) racadm fwupdate -s sometimes gives the information that it is running, sometimes it doesnt. The R730 supports 8 or 16 SFF drives but if you want the higher drive count, you must order this model at the point. the main thing is that you populate the memory in the correct order for the given number of processor and that's all documented. Here's how drives can be connected for Storage Spaces Direct: Direct-attached SATA drives. Message. MTA18ASF4G72PZ-3G2F1R. Memory. System has two Intel (R) Xeon (R) CPU E5-2687W v4 @ 3. Overview. Model Specifications 257,405 Dell Upgrades Supplied. Format an SD card with FAT using a Windows operating system, or EXT3 using a Linux operating system. Providing quality memory products since 1986. Click the Start button and go to All ProgramsIntel Rapid Storage TechnologyIntel Rapid Storage Console to launch the Intel Rapid Storage Console. 10 出现这样的问题是因为内存原因、还是CPU原因?还是Bios版本太低?Causes: The Advanced ECC option was enabled in BIOS, but is no longer valid due to an unsupported memory configuration, possibly a faulty or removed memory module. 5" SATA 7. It could also be said that it’s about two R730 servers,. Dell 2933 MT/s DDR4 memory. The iDRAC also provides both a web interface and command line interface that allows administrators to perform remote management tasks. 2. Yes, there is a coverage gap even if you implement both. Storage. Along with standard RDIMMs and UDIMMs, the. Actually why we need to add memory in A11 instead of A10. It supports 8 channels of memory per CPU, and up to 32 DDR4 DIMMs @ 3200 MT/s speeds. 00. Buy Dell PowerEdge R730 accessories. The R720 is a Dual Processor system with 12 DIMM slots per CPU. Also, depending on the setup & workload, you may not even notice a difference in performance (Read: When you can’t make use of more RAM ). The allowable configurations depend on the memory mode selected. See the Memory section for details. The Dell PowerEdge R730 systems are rack servers that support up to two Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3 or Xeon E5-2600 v4 processors, up to 24 DIMMs, and 16 hard drives or solid state drives (SSDs). Supported Memory Configuration Guide for PowerEdge Servers. We currently have one CPU (Intel (R) Xeon (R) CPU E5-2640 v4 @ 2. NOTE: 1R, 2R, and 4R in the. DDR4-3200MT/s • 8GB Module Capacity • 8Gb Die Density • RDIMM • 1 Rank x 8 • PC4-25600 • CL=22 • Ext Timing 22-22-22 • 1. 0. The Dell Enterprise Infrastructure Planning Tool (EIPT) helps IT professionals, plan and tune their computer and infrastructure equipment for maximum efficiency. The Dell PowerEdge R730 is a Dual Intel Processor server with 24 DIMM slots total. About the PowerEdge R730 systems The Dell PowerEdge R730 systems are rack servers that support up to two Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3 processors, up to 24 DIMMs, and 16 hard drives or solid state drives (SSDs). Dell PowerEdge R730xd system overview. Re-apply input power and turn system on. 128GB (8 x 16GB) DDR3-1333 MHz PC3-10600R ECC Registered Server Memory Upgrade Kit - Dell. Upgrade PERC firmare to latest 25. Dell PowerEdge R730 Memory Configuration Guide. 5-inch, 2. ls. Simply run. The Dell PowerEdge R730 systems are rack servers that support up to two Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3 or Xeon E5-2600 v4 processors, up to 24 DIMMs, and 16 hard drives or solid state drives (SSDs). The iDRAC8 automation lets your organization grow and provides security to ensure peace of mind. Service Events. Service Events. I was verifying the pinouts on the riser and found something odd. The card is available in Adapter (low profile and full height), Mini Monolithic, and Mini Blade form factors for internal storage and tape devices. Raid Contollers PERC H330, PERC H730, PERC H730P and PERC H830, Avail Free Tech Support, 3 Years Warranty, Instant Shipping In India: Delhi, Mumbai, Hyderabad,. Removing the processor and heat sink module; Removing the processor; Installing the processorMemory 32 DDR5 DIMM slots supports RDIMM 8 TB max, speeds up to 4800 MT/s. 6 in) x 64. 5 Configuring server boot options on 14th generation Dell EMC PowerEdge serversMemory (RAM) for LLaMA computer. . The NVDIMM-N resides in a standard CPU memory. CPU Interconnect Inter-chip global memory interconnect (xGMI-2) AMD Socket to Socket Global Memory Interface (xGMI) Memory 32x DDR4 RDIMM, LRDIMM, 3DS 32x DDR4 RDIMM, LRDIMM Disk Drives 3. Back panel. Since A10 is channel 1 and A11 is channel 2 A highly versatile, 2-socket 2U rack server with high processor performance, large memory footprint, extensive I/O options & choice of high performance storage or low-cost, high-capacity storage. The PowerEdge R730 excels at a wide range of Innovative management with very. I have an R730 system with original (1. Hi, hope this helps: R730 Sample memory configurations . The R730 can readily handle very demanding workloads, such as data warehouses, e-commerce, virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI), databases and high. Hi all! I just purchased a preowned PowerEdge R730 for which I want to perform a complete factory reset. NOTE: vSphere Essentials Plus is an all-inclusive package that includes licenses for three physical servers, each server with up to two processors. 81. Diagnostic indicators. I want to increase the size of the memory at the max. Quick Resource Locator for PowerEdge R730 and R730xd systems. Configure memory in the BIOS. In most cases a simple and cost efficient memory upgrade can breathe new life into your Dell PowerEdge R730XD server. $439. 0. Dell R730 is general-purpose server with flexible configurations and parameters. 2V • ECC • Single. 9 1 Dell PowerEdge R730xd sysemt overview The Dell PowerEdge R730xd systems are 2U rack servers that support up to two Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3 or Xeon E5-2600 v4. Customer Service. NIC indicator codes; Power supply unit indicator codes; Drive indicator codes. You can contact us to order a R730 server according to this guide. ⭐ Free Consultation With an IT-specialist. Front panel. The part no# that you provided were M393A2G40DB0-CPB3Q RDIMM and HMA84GL7MMR4N-TF LRDIMM. Each NVDIMM-N provides 16GB of nonvolatile memory and has the same form factor as a standard 288-Pin DDR4 DIMM. For LRDIMMs the max. . In the Static Prefix Length box, enter a value between 0 and 128. The. See the Memory section for details. By increasing memory, you allow more virtual machines and can also increase allocation to maximize your existing hardware. Supported configurations for the PowerEdge R730 system. 2. PDF manual. 1. POWEREDGE R740 Optimized for workload acceleration The PowerEdge R740 was designed to accelerate application performance leveraging accelerator cards and storage scalability. Press any key to continue, or press C to load the configuration utility. Dell PowerEdge. New! T500 Gen4 PCIe SSD. General Memory Module Installation Guidelines; Mode-Specific Guidelines. Mixing of DIMM types (UDIMM, RDIMM, and LRDIMM) is not supported. For systems with an iDRAC, a small button that is marked "i" (Figure 1 and Figure 2) is typically on the front and back of the. A RAID controller can prevent groups of. The R740 and R740xd supports two DIMMs per channel at 2666 MT/s with these processors. Intel® Optane™ DC persistent memory. 2V • ECC • Single. No controller. For RDIMMs, the max configuration is 768GB via (24 x 32GB) DDR4 PC4-19200T-R 2400MHz ECC Registered Server Memory. Combinando todo esto con la capacidad GPU de R730, podrá ahorrar en costes de infraestructuras y consolidar las operaciones de gestión en un entorno de escritorio virtual ampliable y centralizado. We currently have one CPU (Intel (R) Xeon (R) CPU E5-2640 v4 @ 2. From the variety of tools and technologies in the OpenManage portfolio, you can. any valid chipset architectural configuration. Multi Rank Sparing Memory Mode $0. A consistent program built with you and for you, founded on collaboration and trust. 0. Click Select and choose from the following options then click Next: For RAID 1, select Real-time data protection (RAID 1). 00. Replacing the Memory. Have a few dual CPU R730 ea with 12x 16GB RAM and want to add 12x 32GB per system for a total of 576GB arm per host. 两周内R730服务器宕机3次,显示错误为: UEFI0081: Memory configuration has changed from the last time the. 5 Memory More memory options are available than ever before with the Dell PowerEdge R730 and R730xd — greater capacities, higher frequencies, and more flexibility. Depends on the CPU, but the highest RAM clock is 2400MT/s for the R730 because the CPUs won't go any higher. Intel C610 series chipset The R730 and R730xd servers use the Intel Platform Controller Hub (PCH) chip. Intel "Sapphire Rapids". Type disks to search for the Disks application. Looking at the dimms and server specifications the issue looks to be compatibility. 00. 1.